Accelerated aging and diagnostic testing of 115 kV Type U bushings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Type U bushings have exhibited a poor record of performance in the US and provided utilities with a major asset replacement problem. Causes of failure in Type U bushings are reviewed and diagnostic test results presented following an accelerated aging program performed on six 115 kV Type U bushings retrieved from the field after up to 20 years of service. The six bushings represented three broad classes with two bushings each characterized by low, medium and high dissipation factors. Accelerated aging consisted of a combination of normal line to ground voltage superimposed on increasing load current, i.e., increasing bushing temperature. All diagnostic tests were consistent with one another and showed that the six bushings could be grouped into three categories. The two bushings with the highest dissipation factors failed during accelerated aging. The program also demonstrated the usefulness of the bushing tap connection for performing a wide range of diagnostic measurements. The dissections demonstrated that the failures observed were both principally due to thermal aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".