Selective effects of typical antipsychotic drugs on SNAP-25 and synaptophysin in the hippocampal trisynaptic pathway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that levels of presynaptic proteins are altered in the post-mortem brain in schizophrenia. In particular, the hippocampus exhibits reduced levels of synaptophysin and the SNARE protein SNAP-25. The effects of treatment with antipsychotic drugs on levels of SNAP-25 in the hippocampus remains unknown. To determine the effects of typical antipsychotic drugs on levels of synaptophysin and SNAP-25 in the hippocampus, rats were treated with chlorpromazine, haloperidol or trifluoperazine for 21 d. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was used to measure immunoreactivity within the trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus. Trifluoperazine decreased synaptophysin within the Schaffer collateral region of the radiatum lacunosum in CA1, while haloperidol and chlorpromazine increased SNAP-25 throughout the trisynaptic pathway of the hippocampus, with strongest effects in the mossy fibre region of CA3. These results indicate that presynaptic proteins represent a potential molecular substrate for the effects of antipsychotic drugs on hippocampal synaptic connectivity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".