<scp>E</scp>uropean national poetry,<scp>I</scp>slam and the defeat of the medieval<scp>C</scp>hurch
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract TheMuslim conquest of theHolyLand fromChristendom, the invasion of southwesternEurope in the eighth century, and theChristian struggle, ultimately unsuccessful, to regain theHolyLand fromIslam in theCrusades dominatedEuropean culture, particularly its poetry, for centuries. From theOldFrench epic,TheSong ofRoland(c. 1100) to theAlbanian epic,TheHighlandLute(early twentieth century), a vast popular culture grew inEuropean vernacular languages in response toMuslim invasions and conquests. This article attempts to elucidate in panoramic form a neglected area of nationalism. It argues that from the medieval period until the fall of theOttoman empire, poetry was instrumental in the rise ofEuropean national identities, partly in reaction to centuries of ascendancy of Islam, which undermined the authority of thePope, the universalChurch, theGospel andLatin. The defeat of the medievalChurch opened the way to narrower, more national and cultural concerns, reflected in a cluster of vernacularEuropean poetic traditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".