Growth, behaviour, and digestive enzyme activity in larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in relation to rotifer lipid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) show great potential for aquaculture, but much is unknown about their digestive capacity and efficiency. An integrated experiment was performed on cod larvae to investigate the variability in digestive development in response to the quantity of lipid in the rotifer enrichment. Survival, growth, behaviour, and digestive enzyme data from hatching to metamorphosis [0–450 dd (degree-days)] were measured. Four treatments were used in triplicate: high lipid rotifer enrichment (HLRE), low lipid rotifer enrichment (LLRE), green water, and unfed. Swimming activity and attacks (captures + misses) on prey were higher in the HLRE group at 100 dd than in other treatments, and this difference increased thereafter. There was no difference in digestive enzyme activity between the unfed and greened treatments, while the LLRE larvae had lower activity levels than larvae fed HLRE by 100–150 dd for all enzymes assayed. The larvae in the unfed and green water treatments did not survive past 100 dd. All the LLRE cod had died by 250 dd. Results suggest that a higher quantity of lipid in the rotifer enrichment will not only promote better growth and survival in Atlantic cod larvae but appears to provide more energy, allowing larvae to capture more live prey.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".