Spinal deformities following selective dorsal rhizotomy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECT: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) has been shown to provide considerable benefit to children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). The authors sought to evaluate the risks of postoperative spinal deformities in patients following SDR. METHODS: All patients who underwent SDR at McGill University between 1991 and 2001 were identified. Hospital charts and radiographic spinal studies (both preoperative and the latest postoperative) were systematically reviewed. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to test all independent variables of potential interest to determine risk factors more likely to be associated with spinal deformity. There were 98 patients whose mean age at surgery was 5.1 years; the mean radiographic follow-up duration was 5.8 years. Thirty-nine (44.8%) of 87 patients in whom postoperative weight-bearing radiographs were obtained had mild scoliosis, and 17 in whom standing radiographs were acquired had hyperlordosis. In all, 18 of 94 patients (19.1%) who had postoperative radiographs on which the lumbosacral junction was visible were found to have spondylolisthesis. Regression analysis identified the severity of preoperative CP as an important predictor, and less ambulatory patients were more likely to have scoliotic curves. Younger age at surgery and male sex were factors associated with a lower rate of hyperlordosis. Spondylolisthesis developed only in ambulatory children. None of the patients experienced clinically significant deficits. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high rate of radiologically documented deformities in patients with CP who underwent SDR. Ambulatory function, CP severity, age at surgery, and sex may be contributing factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".