Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nationalism is central to global sports events such as the Olympics and the men's football World Cup. Recognizing the unique capacity of these multibillion dollar ‘mega-events’ to stage captivating spectacles and generate intense enjoyment for vast numbers of people, researchers usually examine sport-induced nationalism in terms of the socioeconomic staging of national identities, meanings, and ideologies. And yet, few theoretical and empirical studies ask the following questions: Why are nationalist sports spectacles so emotive for so many people? How do sports fans enjoy these televised global events in concrete local settings of, for example, cafés, streets, and sports bars? This paper attempts to provide answers by drawing on Slavoj Žižek's Lacanian concept of the “national Thing” and one month of research on the 2006 FIFA World Cup on Commercial Drive in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. I explore how the national Thing—a specific incarnation of social enjoyment—takes place in people's consumption of the World Cup in terms of community, belief, and anxiety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".