Fault detection of an engine using a neural network trained by the smooth variable structure filter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A multilayered neural network is a multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear system in which training can be regarded as a nonlinear parameter estimation problem by estimating the network weights. In this paper, the relatively new smooth variable structure filter (SVSF) is used for the training of a nonlinear multilayered feed forward network. The SVSF is a recursive sliding mode parameter and state estimator that has a predictor-corrector form. Using a switching gain, a corrective term is calculated to force the network weights to converge to within a neighbourhood of the optimal weight values. SVSF-based trained neural networks are used to classify engine faults on the basis of vibration data. Two faults are induced in a four-stroke, eight-cylinder engine. Furthermore, a comparative study between the popular back propagation method, the extended Kalman filter (EKF), and the SVSF is presented. Experimental results indicate that the SVSF is comparable with the EKF, and both methods outperform back propagation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".