Contaminant Trends in Suspended Sediments in the Detroit River-Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River Corridor, 2000 to 2004
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Suspended sediments from the Detroit River-Lake St. Clair-St. Clair River corridor over the period of 2000 to 2004 were analyzed to examine the spatial distributions of contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and mercury. Contaminant spatial distributions were similar over the five-year study period, but concentrations varied considerably among sampling locations. Concentrations of PCBs ranged from 22 to 1,200 ng/g (dry weight) in 2004, and from 10 to 2,700 ng/g (dry weight) in 2000; concentrations of PAHs ranged from 640 to 52,000 ng/g (dry weight) in 2004, and from 240 to 82,000 ng/g (dry weight) in 2000; and concentrations of mercury ranged from 0.063 to 0.478 mg/kg (dry weight) in 2004, and from 0.060 to 0.514 mg/kg (dry weight) in 2002. The highest PCB and PAH concentrations were associated with suspended sediments in the lower and middle reaches of the Detroit River in the area of the Trenton Channel, and the outflow of the Rouge River. The spatial distributions of mercury were more consistent throughout the entire corridor, indicating the presence of sources in both the lower reaches of the Detroit River and the upper reaches of the St. Clair River. Both the Trenton Channel area of the Detroit River and the upper reaches of the St. Clair River are characterized by heavy historical industrial activity, including steel manufacturing and chlor-alkali production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".