The effects of paclobutrazol, abscisic acid, and gibberellin on germination and early growth in silver, red, and hybrid maple
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) seeds were used to examine the mechanisms regulating recalcitrant seed germination aiming towards the development of a biochemical method to temporarily inhibit germination without refrigeration. Treatment of fresh silver maple seeds with the cytochrome P 450 inhibitor paclobutrazol delayed germination and reduced root and shoot extension. The inhibitory effect of paclobutrazol plus abscisic acid (ABA) on the shoots of silver maple could not be overcome by a brief treatment with gibberellic acid A 3 (GA 3 ). Red maple seeds (Acer rubrum L.) were almost completely inhibited by the treatment with paclobutrazol alone, and this inhibition could not be overcome by a brief treatment with GA 3 . In the red × silver hybrid, root growth was little affected by paclobutrazol plus ABA; however, shoot growth was markedly inhibited by paclobutrazol, and this inhibition was sharply increased by the combination with ABA but partially alleviated by GA 3 . Treating fresh silver maple seeds with paclobutrazol for 12 h followed by storage under ideal germination conditions, in the presence of 1 mM ABA, completely prevented germination for 1 week. Root extension was completely restored by the continuous provision of GA 3 along with the ABA.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it