Ultrasonic Elastic Properties of Steel under Tensile Stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Longitudinal and transverse wave velocities, eight kinds of elastic parameters and dilational and shear dampings of chromium-molybdenum steel have been simultaneously measured at room temperature in terms of acoustoelasticity, by an ultrasonic pulse method. Young, shear and bulk moduli and Lamé parameter apparently decrease with increasing tensile stress, suggesting decrement of rigidity. However, decease in Poisson's ratio shows actual enhancement of rigidity due to lattice dilation, accompanied by decrease in longitudinal wave frequency, Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter. As the stress increases, the dilational damping increases and then saturates over 600 MPa, while the shear one increases abruptly from 600 MPa. This abrupt increase indicates an increase in motion of dislocation for plastic deformation. The atomic dilation enthalpy shows the endothermal process in elastic field up to 750 MPa.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".