HONO and NO<sub>2</sub> evolution from irradiated nitrate-doped ice and frozen nitrate solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. Nitrate photolysis in the wavelength range 250–1200 nm was studied on ice in a controlled laboratory experiment. Monolayer coverage of nitrate was achieved by dosing well-known amounts of HNO3 from the gas phase onto a frozen water surface. Fluxes of HONO and NO2 into the gas phase with time were quantified at temperatures between 193 K and 258 K and as a function of illumination wavelength in the range: 250–345 nm. Whereas HONO release showed a strong temperature dependence at colder temperatures, attributed to reversible adsorption processes, NO2 fluxes were independent of temperature. The observed fluxes of HONO and NO2 at high temperature were not affected by diffusion or adsorption processes, and could be used to estimate a quantum yield for HONO formation of (3.8±0.6)×10−4. A different wavelength dependence for HONO and NO2 fluxes indicates that additional reactions besides nitrate photolysis and subsequent release of the products contribute to the emission of nitrogen oxides.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".