The Relationship Between Strength, Pain, and Community Integration in Wheelchair Users: A Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the differences between wheelchair users and their matched able-bodied controls in grip strength, pain (as expressed by scores on the McGill Pain Questionnaire [MPQ]), and community integration (as expressed by scores on the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique [CHART]). We also explored the relationships among community integration, pain, strength, and demographic variables. Thirteen wheelchair users and 13 able-bodied participants were matched for gender, age, and activity level. The wheelchair-user group had significantly greater scores on the MPQ and significantly lower scores on the CHART. Step-wise multiple regression analyses revealed that the best predictor for pain was age for the wheelchair-user group and activity for the able-bodied group. The best predictor of the CHART for the wheelchair-user group was grip strength. In conclusion, pain was associated with age for the wheelchair-user group and with activity for the able-bodied group. In addition, grip strength was associated with community integration for the wheelchair-user group.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".