Supplemental Feeding and Dawn Singing in Black-Capped Chickadees
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. The dawn chorus is a collective behavior involving a network of birds signaling at the same time. Two hypotheses can explain the mechanisms of dawn singing. The “condition-dependent hypothesis” states that the dawn chorus consists of a “broadcast network” in which the signal is given in all directions but is not dependent on the singer's neighbors' chorus. The song output is condition dependent and can thus be limited by the amount of food to which a signaler has access to in its territory. On the other hand, the “social-dynamic hypothesis” states that during the chorus the birds are constantly interacting with their neighbors. Under this scenario, the dawn chorus consists of an “interactive network” and the song output is not dependent on the condition of the signaler but on the interaction with the neighbors. To determine which scenario best explains the mechanisms of the dawn chorus in the Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus), we set up a supplemental-feeding experiment in a dyadic fashion by providing 3.5 g of mealworms to selected birds and compared their song output to that of unfed counterparts by controlling for rank and habitat. We found that fed birds, both dominant and subordinate males, sang more than unfed birds. We thus conclude that body condition is a critical variable contributing to individual differences in song output in the Black-capped Chickadee and consequently the functioning of the dawn-chorus network.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it