Simultaneous ground-based observations of O <sub>3</sub> , HCl, N <sub>2</sub> O, and CH <sub>4</sub> over Toronto, Canada by three Fourier transform spectrometers with different resolutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. An intercomparison of three Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) with significantly different resolutions is presented. The highest-resolution instrument has a maximum optical path difference of 250 cm, and the two lower-resolution instruments have maximum optical path differences of 50 cm and 25 cm. The results indicate that the two lower-resolution instruments can retrieve total column amounts of O3, HCl, N2O and CH4 using the SFIT2 retrieval code with percent differences from the high-resolution instrument generally better than 4%. Total column amounts of the stratospheric species (O3 and HCl) have larger differences than those of the tropospheric species (N2O and CH4). Instrument line shape (ILS) information is found to be of critical importance when retrieving total columns of stratospheric gases from the lower-resolution instruments. Including the ILS information in the retrievals significantly reduces the difference in total column amounts between the three instruments. The remaining errors for stratospheric species total column amounts can be attributed to the lower sensitivity of the lower-resolution FTSs to the stratosphere.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".