Nasal continuous positive airway pressure and outcomes in preterm infants: A retrospective analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present retrospective study was to describe the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) and the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). STUDY DESIGN: Data from 1526 neonates with gestational age less than 32 weeks, admitted to Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia (Vancouver, British Columbia) between period 1 (1996 to 2000) and period 2 (2000 to 2004) were analyzed. The use of respiratory therapies and outcomes were retrospectively compared before and after the introduction of a NCPAP approach to respiratory support. RESULTS: A significant increase in the use of NCPAP was noted between periods 1 and 2 (60% versus 71%), as well as a significant reduction in the use of surfactant (50% versus 41%), postnatal steroids (30% versus 10%) and the need for mechanical ventilation (77% versus 64%). In period 2, there was a significant reduction in the prevalence of BPD at 28 days (33% versus 26%), higher prevalence of severe retinopathy of prematurity (3% versus 6%) and less periventricular leukomalacia (4% versus 2%). CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in the use of NCPAP therapy in the neonatal unit has been associated with a decrease in the use of more invasive therapies. The incidence of BPD has decreased if defined as need for supplemental oxygen at 28 days of age, but not when the 36 weeks' postconceptional age criterion was used. NCPAP therapy may decrease the use of more invasive therapies and may improve respiratory outcomes. The impact of this intervention on nonrespiratory outcomes warrants further investigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".