Isolation and Characterization of Compounds with Anti-prostate Cancer Activity from<i>Arctium lappa</i>L. Using Bioactivity-guided Fractionation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The methanolic extract of the seeds of Arctium lappa was found to show inhibitory activity against prostate cancer cell lines. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a 95% ethanol extract from the seeds of A. lappa led to the isolation of seven compounds: β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), lappaol C (3), lappaol A (4), and arctignan E (5), lappaol F (6), and arctiin (7). Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS, and NMR data, as well as by comparison with those of the literature. Compounds 3–7 were studied for their cytotoxicity using a prostate cancer cell line. Compounds 3, 4, and 6 showed activity against the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line with IC50 values of 8, 16, and 40 µg/mL, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".