A Quadrature Pulse Generator for Short-Range UWB Vehicular Radar Applications Using a Pulsed Oscillator and a Variable Attenuator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new quadrature tunable pulse generator is presented in this paper using 0.13 μm CMOS for 22-29 GHz ultrawideband (UWB) vehicular radar. A quadrature inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator is quickly switched on and off for the duration of the pulse, and the amplitude envelope is modulated with an impulse using a variable passive CMOS attenuator. The impulse is realized using a glitch generator (CMOS nand gate) and its duration can be changed over a wide range (375 ps to more than 1 ns). The switching technique used in the quadrature oscillator creates a large initial voltage for fast startup (0.5 ns) and locks the initial phase of the oscillations to the input clock for pulse coherence. The measured phase noise thus matches that of the clock signal, with a relatively low phase noise of -70 dBc/Hz and -100 dBc/Hz at 1kHz and 1 MHz offsets respectively. The entire circuit operates in switched-mode with a low average power consumption of less than 2.2 mW and 14.8 mW at 50 MHz and 600 MHz pulse repetition frequencies, or below 11 pJ of energy for each of the four differential quadrature pulses. It occupies an active area of less than 0.41 mm2.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".