Inactivation of <i>Ascaris suum</i> eggs in digested and dewatered biosolids with lime and fly ash at bench scale and full scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The feasibility of inactivating Ascaris suum eggs spiked into digested and dewatered biosolids from Winnipeg, Manitoba to class A levels (as per USEPA 1993) by storing the biosolids treated with lime (CaO) and (or) fly ash under anoxic conditions was investigated. The study was comprised of two phases. The first phase involved mixing the biosolids with various quantities of lime and (or) fly ash in a Hobart mixer and storing the mixed product in 16 L buckets at 46 °C. Phase two involved full-scale mixing of lime and (or) fly ash using a Lödige mixer. The mixed product was buried in trenches and stored for 356 d at naturally occurring environmental temperatures that ranged from 1 to 33 °C in the trench. The lowest lime dose capable of inactivating Ascaris suum eggs to class A levels was 50 g of lime amended with 1000 g of fly ash per kilogram of dry biosolids. Storage for 291 d at environmentally occurring temperatures was required to meet the class A criteria. Maintaining the higher temperatures for a longer duration would have reduced the time necessary to achieve the target inactivation. Key words: Ascaris suum, biosolids, eggs, fly ash, helminth, inactivation, lime.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".