Sensitivity of UV-B Irradiance to Cloud Optical Depth and Droplets Equivalent Radii
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The DIScrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer (DISORT) and the delta-Eddington models were used to evaluate the relationship between cloud optical depth, tc and direct, diffuse and global transmitted irradiances in the UV-B region for various solar zenith angles (SZAs), two values of cloud droplet equivalent radius, re (7mm and 10mm) and two cases of low (? = 0.05) and high (? = 0.75) albedos under overcast conditions. The study shows that the delta-Eddington model is not suitable for calculating direct and diffuse components separately but it is suitable for calculating diffuse irradiances for overcast conditions for two cases only at northern latitudes where SZAs are large and at southern Canada wheretc values are always greater than 10. The delta-Eddington model is accurate when calculating the global fluxes anywhere, although it overestimates by an average of 6%. Global transmittance is greater by 7% for smaller droplet sizes (re = 7µm) for both cases of low (? = 0.05) and high (? = 0.75) albedos.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".