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Record W2128534640 · doi:10.5539/esr.v1n2p71

Engineering Properties of Lateritic Soils around Dall Quarry in Sango Area, Ilorin, Nigeria

2012· article· en· W2128534640 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueEarth Science Research · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicGeotechnical and construction materials studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAtterberg limitsGeotechnical engineeringSiltSoil waterGneissSoil testMigmatiteGeologyCohesion (chemistry)Void ratioShrinkageBearing capacitySoil scienceGeomorphologyGeochemistryMathematicsMetamorphic rockChemistry

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Lateritic soils at the DALL Quarry in Ilorin metropolis (Sango area), southwestern Nigeria were investigated with respect to their geotechnical properties and their suitability as construction materials. The two samples collected fall within the basement complex and they overly the migmatite-gneiss complex rocks. The grain size analysis shows that soil sample ADET 1 is silt-clayey, very gravelly sand while sample ADET 2 is gravelly, silt-clayey sand. Atterberg consistency limit test shows that ADET 1 has 40% liquid limit, 18.2% plastic limit, 21.8% plasticity index, 7.4% shrinkage limit and an activity of 0.95 (normal clay). ADET 2 has 46% liquid limit, 23.5% plastic limit, 22.5% plasticity index, 8.2% shrinkage limit and an activity of 0.63. The soil samples are above the activity (A) line in the zone of intermediate plasticity (CL) which means that they are inorganic soils. The samples contain inactive clay suggesting little or no swelling tendency and therefore good for construction material and this would prohibit foundation failure during foundation settlement. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values are 1-4 % (average = 2.5%) and 3-5% (average = 4%) in ADET 1 and ADET 2 respectively which means that they are good as sub-grade construction materials. The cohesion ranges from 60-100Kpa (average = 75%) and the angle of internal friction ranges from 31o- 35o with an average of 33o. The geotechnical analyses results show that the soils have high bearing capacity with little or no volume change and therefore can be used as construction materials in engineering works. Thus, the soil could support shallow foundation, dam construction, homogeneous embankments, slope stability and sub-grade materials in road constructions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.115
Threshold uncertainty score0.306

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.072
GPT teacher head0.285
Teacher spread0.213 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it