Effects of Delayed First Feeding on Larval Growth and Survival of Yesso Scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The time of first feeding is an important factor for establishing successful initial feeding in molluscan hatcheries. The effects of delayed first feeding on larval growth and survival in the larvae of Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis were investigated in this study. Groups of larvae were fed at early stage of D-shaped larvae or delayed for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. When first feeding was delayed for less than 72 h, the P. yessoensis larvae grew as rapidly as those non-starved larvae. When delayed first feeding for more than 72 h, the growth rates of larvae were significantly reduced (less than 2 µm day-1), half or less than those of the non-starved group. The survival rates decreased sharply with the prolonged starvation period and the extremely low survival rates were observed in the groups that were delayed first feeding for more than 72 h. The results indicate that the prolonged starvation had a deleterious impact on the larval growth and survival when delayed first feeding for 96 h or more. To avoid mass mortality and obtain adequate growth and survival, food availability within 72 h after early D-shaped larvae is critical important for the successful initial feeding in commercial culture of this species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".