Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) for proton exchange membrane materials
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract As a novel class of proton exchange membrane materials for use in fuel cells, sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone)s (SPPEKs) were prepared by the modification of poly(phthalazinone ether ketone). Sulfonation reactions were conducted at room temperature with mixtures of 95–98% concentrated sulfuric acid and 27–33% fuming sulfuric acid with different acid ratios, and SPPEK was obtained with a degree of sulfonation (DS) in the desired range of 0.6–1.2. The presence of sulfonic acid groups in SPPEK was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis, and the DS and structures were characterized by NMR. The introduction of sulfonic groups into the polymer chains increased the glass‐transition temperature above the decomposition temperature and also led to an overall decrease in the decomposition temperature. Membrane films were cast from SPPEK solutions in N,N ‐dimethylacetamide. Water uptakes and swelling ratios of SPPEK membrane films increased with DS, and SPPEKs with DS > 1.23 were water‐soluble at 80 °C. Proton conductivity increased with DS and temperature up to 95 °C, reaching 10 −2 S/cm. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 497–507, 2003
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it