Cardiovascular drift in euhydrated prepubertal boys
Bibliographic record
Abstract
"Classic" cardiovascular drift is characterized by findings of decreasing stroke volume and mean arterial pressure, rising heart rate, and stable cardiac output during sustained constant-load exercise. Recent studies in adults indicate that when dehydration is prevented by fluid intake, this pattern is altered, with no change in stroke volume and progressive rise in cardiac output. This study was designed to examine this influence of hydration in prepubertal subjects and assess the relationship between cardiovascular drift and aerobic drift (changes in VO2). Eight boys (Tanner stage 1, mean age 11.7 +/- 0.4 y) cycled at an average of 62.9% +/- 3.9% VO2 peak to exhaustion (41.38 +/- 6.30 min) in a thermoneutral environment. Rectal temperature rose from 37.6 +/- 0.1 degrees C at rest to 38.1 +/- 0.2 degrees C at end exercise. Between 5 min and end exercise, average heart rate rose by 13.2% and cardiac output rose by 14.9%, systemic vascular resistance fell by 10.5%, and stroke volume remained stable. Increases in cardiac output paralleled those of VO2, with no change in arterial venous oxygen difference. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that cardiovascular drift is a reflection of aerobic drift, a relationship obscured by the superimposed physiological effects of dehydration during sustained constant load. This study also suggests that such patterns are no different in prepubertal boys and young adult men.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".