Fen mosses can tolerate some saline conditions found in oil sands process water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mosses are keystone species in peatlands and are an important part of the vegetation of the pre-mined peatlands. Therefore, mosses should be included in rehabilitation projects following oil sands exploitation in north-western Canada. However, mosses growing in post-mined landscapes must tolerate elevated salinity levels found in oil sands process water (OSPW). Knowledge of salinity tolerance and thresholds for fen mosses is needed to place these mosses in the newly created landscapes. We tested the effects of NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 on four fen moss species growing in Petri dishes in growth chambers. We simulated two scenarios: (1) four immersion times (¼, 1, 3 and 7 days) in NaCl (0%, 20%, 60% or 100% of the concentration found in OSPW) mimicking periodic flooding and (2) a permanent saline influence (NaCl or Na 2 SO 4 alone or in combination at 0%, 30%, 50% or 70% of the concentrations found in OSPW) mimicking situations of high water tables with different contamination levels. The effects on moss growth were estimated by counting new innovations of Bryum pseudotriquetrum , Campylium stellatum , Sphagnum warnstorfii and Tomenthypnum nitens . All tested mosses tolerated saline levels typically found in post-mined landscapes (up to 500 mg L −1 of NaCl and 400 mg L −1 of Na 2 SO 4 ) for up to 100 days of exposure. Short periods of immersion (up to 7 days independently of salt concentrations) induced the production of innovation in non- Sphagnum species, but S. warnstorfii was more rapidly impacted at higher salt concentrations. Short pulses of salt (from 6 h to 7 days) did not influence the formation of new innovations for C. stellatum and T. nitens . Salt type (NaCl and/or Na 2 SO 4 ) had no effect on moss growth. However, a longer exposure (100 days) with saline water, even at low concentrations, diminished the formation of new innovations for B. pseudotriquetrum and T. nitens . C. stellatum was the least affected by salinity and thus we suggest it is the best species to reintroduce in constructed fens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".