Regulation of prostaglandin D synthase and prostacyclin synthase in the endometrium of cyclic, pregnant, and pseudopregnant rats and their regulation by sex steroids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are critical regulators of a number of reproductive processes. To date, the presence and regulation of PGS in the rat endometrium have not yet been described. The objective of the present study was to investigate the expression of PGD synthase (PGDS) and prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) in the endometrium. Endometrial proteins and tissues were collected from cyclic non-pregnant, pregnant, and steroid-induced pseudopregnant rats. PGIS and PGDS were detected in the endometrium of cyclic, pregnant, and pseudopregnant rats but were not influenced by the estrous cycle. During early pregnancy, PGIS was significantly higher at day 5 and was gradually decreased from day 5.5 to 6.5. Later during pregnancy, PGIS was maximal on day 12 and gradually decreased to the end of pregnancy. PGDS expression was high during early and was maximal at the end of pregnancy. During pseudopregnancy, PGDS and PGIS were increased in a time-dependent manner and were maximal at day 5. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that PGDS and PGIS were found in luminal as well as glandular epithelial cells and in stroma during late pregnancy. We also found a significant increase of PGD(2) serum metabolite at days 21 and 22 of pregnancy. During steroid-induced pseudopregnancy, PGI(2) serum metabolite was increased in a time-dependent manner and was maximal at day 7. These results suggest that PGDS and PGIS are present and could be regulated by steroids in the rat uterus during pregnancy, and that the endometrium could be a significant source of PGD(2) and PGI(2) at specific times during pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".