Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractIn 1900, the Ontario Department of Education and Alfred Fitzpatrick engaged in an experiment to supply books to reading camps for lumber, mining, and railway workers in Northern Ontario. The center-periphery interplay between education officials and Fitzpatrick gave birth to two important adult education agencies: Frontier College and Ontario’s travelling library system. Although the Department partially accepted Fitzpatrick’s original plan for library extension, he garnered enough public support and employer endorsements to leverage government action on key issues related to a systematic book supply, the reduction of illiteracy, and non-formal adult learning techniques. This paper uses primary sources to examine the differing objectives held by Fitzpatrick and the Department during their initial joint venture prior to the Ontario election of 1905. The study highlights why travelling libraries became a provincial responsibility; as well, it shows Fitzpatrick reshaped his original plans by practical interactions with resource workers that led to new approaches for adult learning at the outset of the 20th century.RésuméEn 1900, le Département de l’éducation de l’Ontario et Alfred Fitzpatrick se lancent dans une expérience : celle d’approvisionner en livres les camps des travailleurs forestiers, des mines et des chemins de fer dans le Nord ontarien. Cette interaction « centre-périphérie », des fonctionnaires et de Fitzpatrick, a donné naissance à deux agences importantes d’éducation aux adultes : le Frontier College et le système ontarien de bibliothèques ambulantes. Bien que le Département ait accepté partiellement le plan originel de Fitzpatrick pour l’expansion du système de bibliothèques, ce dernier a pu compter sur un soutien suffisant de la part du public et des employeurs pour motiver le gouvernement à agir sur des questions clés comme l’approvisionnement en livres, la diminution de l’analphabétisme et l’application de techniques d’apprentissage non-formelles pour les adultes. Cet article s’appuie sur des sources primaires afin d’examiner les objectifs divergents de Fitzpatrick et du Département au début de leur entreprise commune, et ce, avant l’élection provinciale de 1905. L’auteur expose pourquoi les bibliothèques ambulantes sont passées sous la responsabilité provinciale. Il montre également que Fitzpatrick a adapté ses plans originaux à la suite d’interactions avec des travailleurs-ressources qui menèrent à de nouvelles approches en éducation aux adultes au début du vingtième siècle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".