Enhanced Sealing Project (ESP): evolution of a full-sized bentonite and concrete shaft seal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A full-scale shaft seal was designed and installed in the 5 m-diameter access shaft at Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's (AECL's) Underground Research Laboratory at the point where the shaft intersects an ancient water-bearing, low-angle thrust fault at a depth of c. 275 m in granitic rock. The seal consists of a 6 m-thick bentonite-based component sandwiched between 3 m-thick, keyed upper and lower concrete components. This design was adopted in order to limit the mixing of saline groundwater from the deeper regime with the fresher, near-surface groundwater regime. Construction of the shaft seal was done as part of Canada's Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program. A jointly funded monitoring project, called the Enhanced Sealing Project (ESP), was developed by AECL (Canada) and jointly funded by NWMO (Canada), SKB (Sweden), Posiva Oy (Finland), and ANDRA (France), and since mid 2009 the thermal, hydraulic and mechanical evolution of the seal has been constantly monitored. The evolution of the type of seal being monitored in the ESP is of relevance to repository closure planning by demonstrating the functionality of shaft seals. Although constructed in a crystalline rock medium, the results of the ESP are relevant to the performance of seals in a variety of host rock types.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".