Crystal structure of a birefringent andradite–grossular from Crowsnest Pass, Alberta, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The structure of a birefringent andradite–grossular sample was refined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCD) and synchrotron high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (HRPXRD) data. Electron-microprobe results indicate a homogeneous composition of {Ca 2.88 Mn 2+ 0.06 Mg 0.04 Fe 2+ 0.03 } Σ3 [Fe 3+ 1.29 Al 0.49 Ti 4+ 0.17 Fe 2+ 0.06 ] Σ2 (Si 2.89 Al 0.11 ) Σ3 O 12 . The Rietveld refinement reduced χ 2 = 1.384 and overall R ( F 2 ) = 0.0315. The HRPXRD data show that the sample contains three phases. For phase-1, the weight %, unit-cell parameter (Å), distances (Å), and site occupancy factor ( sof ) are 62.85(7)%, a = 12.000 06(2), average = 2.4196, Fe–O = 1.9882(5), Si–O = 1.6542(6) Å, Ca( sof ) = 0.970(2), Fe( sof ) = 0.763(1), and Si( sof ) = 0.954(2). The corresponding data for phase-2 are 19.14(9)%, a = 12.049 51(2), average = 2.427, Fe–O = 1.999(1), Si–O = 1.665(1) Å, Ca( sof ) = 0.928(4), Fe( sof ) = 0.825(3), and Si( sof ) = 0.964(4). The corresponding data for phase-3 are 18.01(9)%, a = 12.019 68(3), average = 2.424, Fe–O = 1.992(2), Si–O = 1.658(2) Å, Ca( sof ) = 0.896(5), Fe( sof ) = 0.754(4), and Si( sof ) = 0.936(5). The fine-scale coexistence of the three phases causes strain that arises from the unit-cell and bond distances differences, and gives rise to strain-induced birefringence. The results from the SCD are similar to the dominant phase-1 obtained by the HRPXRD, but the SCD misses the minor phases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".