Micro and Macro Hardness Measurements, Correlations, and Contact Models
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Brief reviews of Brinell (Meyer) and Rockwell indenters and macrohardness tests, Berkovich, Knoop and Vickers indenters and microhardness tests, and nanoindentation tests using the Berkovich indenter are given. Vickers, Brinell and Rockwell C indentation results for Ni 200, SS 304, Zr-4, and Zr-Nb are reported and correlation equations for mi-cro and macrohardness versus penetration depth are given. Temperature effects on yield strength, Brinell and Vickers hardness are given and correlation equations are presented to account for elevated temperatures. Models are presented for calculation of the appro-priate value of contact microhardness which depends on apparent contact pressure and the effective surface roughness of the joint. Examples are given to illustrate the use of the correlation equations. Nomenclature A surface area of a single tube, m2 Aa, AcAV apparent area, contact area, m2 a contact radius, m B unloading curve correlation coefficient Cc dimensionless contact conductance, Cc = σhc/mks CT correlation coefficient, ◦C−1 ◦C degree Celsius cp, cv specific heats at constant pressure and volume, J/kgK c1 Vickers correlation coefficient, GPa c2 Vickers size index
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it