Responses of macroinvertebrate drift, benthic assemblages, and trout foraging to hydropeaking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We utilized both hydropeaking and experimental flows to quantify responses of macroinvertebrate drift, benthic assemblages, and fish consumption to double-peak release patterns. Our results suggest that changes in discharge may have a greater impact on macroinvertebrate drift than absolute flow levels, such that mean daily drift biomass was significantly higher during double-peaking; however, drift increases were sustained for only 30–60 days despite ongoing hydropeaking. Drift increases were proportional to peak magnitude, with drift biomass peaking during the rising limb of the hydrograph and declining prior to the cessation of peak flows. Both within- and among-day drift hysteresis appeared related to patterns in vegetative export, principally Cladophora and Amblystegium. Increases in macroinvertebrate drift were not associated with detectable reductions in benthic densities, while we observed inconsistent and modest taxa richness reductions. Lastly, gut fullness for both brown and rainbow trout increased significantly following periods of hydropeaking, suggesting that the effects of double-peaking can propagate through tail-water food webs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".