Plasmonic gain in long-range surface plasmon polariton waveguides bounded symmetrically by dye-doped polymer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The plasmonic gain of a top-pumped active symmetric metal slab waveguide is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The structure consists of a thin Ag film cladded above and below by gain media (IR140-doped poly (methyl methacrylate)), and operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons (LRSPPs) at near-infrared wavelengths. We consider the spatial distribution of the pump intensity and the position dependence of the dipole lifetime within the claddings when computing the LRSPP gain. We find that the bottom cladding provides significant gain to the LRSPP, despite the low pump transmittance through the Ag film, as long as the pump intensity is strong enough to saturate the gain material (∼4 MW/cm2). In this situation, the LRSPP gain is doubled compared to the case where the top cladding only is active. The LRSPP gain was measured in a fabricated structure using the variable stripe length method, yielding gmod = 16.7 cm−1 at a pump intensity of ∼4 MW/cm2. The measured LRSPP gain agrees very well with the computed value, implying that the bottom cladding provides significant gain to the mode. Active plasmonic devices based on the symmetric dielectric-metal-dielectric structure can be significantly more efficient by using gain layers as both the top and bottom claddings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".