Bibliographic record
Abstract
The increased demand for Low Power/Low Voltage (LP/LV) circuits while maintaining high bandwidth and dynamic range, has led to widespread use of current-mode techniques in the design of analog circuits. Current trends in continual scaling down of transistor gate lengths and reduction in supply voltage have further added to the design challenges. This paper deals with the design of building blocks for current-mode circuit design, namely, Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA). Designs of three OTAs have been discussed. These OTAs operate at supply voltages about 3.3 V. Simulations have been carried out in Cadence (with Hspice) for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation's (TSMC's) 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The main aim of this paper is to present and compare new OTA designs, which have potential for use in LV applications. One of the proposed OTAs has further been fabricated and tested for real-time application. The application addressed is that of designing spectral shaping filters for use in Second Generation High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line Technology (HDSL-2). The relative performance of all the three OTAs has also been presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".