Isolation of a cDNA Encoding a Granule-Bound 152-Kilodalton Starch-Branching Enzyme in Wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Screening of a wheat (Triticum aestivum) cDNA library for starch-branching enzyme I (SBEI) genes combined with 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends resulted in isolation of a 4,563-bp composite cDNA, Sbe1c. Based on sequence alignment to characterized SBEI cDNA clones isolated from plants, the SBEIc predicted from the cDNA sequence was produced with a transit peptide directing the polypeptide into plastids. Furthermore, the predicted mature form of SBEIc was much larger (152 kD) than previously characterized plant SBEI (80-100 kD) and contained a partial duplication of SBEI sequences. The first SBEI domain showed high amino acid similarity to a 74-kD wheat SBEI-like protein that is inactive as a branching enzyme when expressed in Escherichia coli. The second SBEI domain on SBEIc was identical in sequence to a functional 87-kD SBEI produced in the wheat endosperm. Immunoblot analysis of proteins produced in developing wheat kernels demonstrated that the 152-kD SBEIc was, in contrast to the 87- to 88-kD SBEI, preferentially associated with the starch granules. Proteins similar in size and recognized by wheat SBEI antibodies were also present in Triticum monococcum, Triticum tauschii, and Triticum turgidum subsp. durum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".