Decreased activity in inferotemporal cortex during explicit memory: dissociating priming, novelty detection, and recognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies of non-human primates have shown that activity in inferotemporal (IT) brain regions decrease over repeated stimulus exposure, a phenomenon known as repetition suppression. In the present study, repetition suppression was examined during recognition of personally experienced events (explicit memory). Brain activity was measured while subjects encoded and subsequently recognized scenic pictures. First, two recognition conditions were compared; one that mainly included familiar pictures and one that mainly included novel pictures. Responses derived from this contrast may reflect recognition memory, perceptual priming, or novelty detection. To test specifically for responses associated with recognition memory, subjects encoded a new set of pictures followed by two recognition tests. All test pictures had been presented during the course of the experiment, and the subjects identified pictures that appeared in the second encoding list. Since all pictures were familiar, repetition suppression was specifically associated with recognition memory. In the first contrast, relative change in brain activity was observed in inferotemporal, extra-striate, and hippocampal regions during recognition of familiar versus novel pictures. In the second contrast, decreased activity in IT cortex was found. The location of this region overlapped with that for the region identified in the first contrast, and a conjunction analysis showed that reduced activity in left IT cortex was common to both contrasts. These results suggest that repetition suppression in IT cortex reflects recognition memory, and that such a response is not a simple function of stimulus repetition but can be modulated by top-down processing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".