Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wood (? Salix sp.) from a concretionary nodule found at - 43 m a.s.l. at the Green Creek, Ontario, site was dated at 9 960 ± 820 BP (GSC-2498). The carbonate concretion has an apparent age of 14 400 ± 250 BP (GSC-2530). The wood date is a maximum age for the enclosing sediment and for its cementation; the carbonate date appears anomalous. At the time of the upper limit of error for the wood date (10 780 BP) Champlain Sea stood at or above 100 m a.s.l. The true age of the wood probably is compatible with that of freswhater shells at - 53 m a.s.l. at Bourget, Ontario (10 200 ± 90; GSC-1968), and of wood at - 61 m a.s.l. at Hawkesbury, Ontario (9 860 ± 330; BGS-257). Terrace sediments at ~ 43 m a.s.l. probably are of freshwater origin. Terrestrial and freshwater flora and fauna in earlier collections of concretions from Green Creek also suggest an estuarine to freswhater environment for the enclosing sediments. Occurrence of complete skeletons of fish and other vertebrates in concretions is related to chemically induced carbonate cementation during early stages of putrefaction of soft-bodied animals. This could preserve skeletal remains through several cycles of erosion. Therefore some concretions carry fossil remains that may be allochtonous to the sediment in which they now occur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".