Observations and Considerations on Appropriate Buffer Zones and Limiting Disturbance to Nesting Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) During a Large Scale Construction Project
Bibliographic record
Abstract
hen nesting birds are present, it is important to establish buffer zones around bird nests that appropriately reflect different levels of human disturbance.In general, buffer zone size will depend on the bird species, the amount of time and level of disturbance intensity to which a nest will be exposed (Blumstein et al. 2003(Blumstein et al. , 2005) ) and, in some cases, the professional judgement of the environmental professional on a project.A survey of the literature can provide examples of varying buffer zone distances for the same species (Stantec Consulting Ltd. 2013), but limited information exists on the success of different buffer zone distances by species on hatching success.The killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) is a medium-sized plover found in British Columbia during the spring and summer, when it migrates north to nest (Campbell et al. 1997).The species is a ground-nester in varied habitats that are often highly susceptible to disturbance.One typical location is on gravel bars along watercourses where the eggs are camouflaged in the nest (see Photo 1), and the adults have quick access to foraging locations.As a ground-nester, killdeer nests can be highly susceptible to disturbance, and noted impacts to ground-nesters include road construction (Forman & Alexander 1998), agricultural practices (Shuttler et al. 2000), and physical disturbance of the nest site by humans and animals in proximity to the nest (Langston et al. 2007).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".