<i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>‐mediated transformation for targeted disruption and over expression of genes in the poplar pathogen<i><scp>S</scp>phaerulina musiva</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Sphaerulina musiva causes both leaf spots and cankers on poplar. Leaf spots can lead to defoliation and cankers on branches and primary stems can lead to stem breakage and tree mortality. The recent availability of both the S . musiva and P opulus trichocarpa genomes offers a great opportunity to study host–pathogen interactions. To better understand the factors involved in S . musiva pathology, we present a strategy for the transformation of this species using A grobacterium tumefaciens . Binary plasmids were generated with hygromycin B phosphotransferase ( hph ) flanked by upstream and downstream sequences of polyketide synthase‐like ( PKS ‐L1) gene to generate targeted gene disruptants by homologous recombination. Plasmids were also constructed for constitutive expression reporter genes eGFP and mC herry to help with histological characterization of the pathogen during infection. Gene knockouts were identified by PCR and confirmed by sequencing and Southern blotting. No significant differences were observed in melanin production between PKS ‐L1 disruptants and wild type isolates. Colonies expressing reporter genes were identified by fluorescent stereomicroscopy. This method is a promising tool for the characterization of pathogen genes through reverse and forward genetics and for introducing markers for histopathological study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".