Role of EspB in Experimental Human Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a leading cause of diarrhea among infants in developing countries, induces dramatic alterations in host cell architecture that depend on a type III secretion system. EspB, one of the proteins secreted and translocated to the host cytoplasm via this system, is required for numerous alterations in host cell structure and function. To determine the role of EspB in virulence, we conducted a randomized, double-blind trial comparing the ability of wild-type EPEC and an isogenic DeltaespB mutant strain to cause diarrhea in adult volunteers. Diarrhea developed in 9 of 10 volunteers who ingested the wild-type strain but in only 1 of 10 volunteers who ingested the DeltaespB mutant strain. Marked destruction of the microvillous brush border adjacent to adherent organisms was observed in a jejunal biopsy from a volunteer who ingested the wild-type strain but not from two volunteers who ingested the DeltaespB mutant strain. Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to EPEC antigens were stronger among recipients of the wild-type strain. In addition, four of the volunteers who ingested the wild-type strain had lymphoproliferative responses to EspB. These results demonstrate that EspB is a critical virulence determinant of EPEC infections and suggest that EspB contributes to an immune response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".