A 1000-yr record of forest fire activity from Eclipse Icefield, Yukon, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 1000-yr record of forest fire activity has been developed using three annually dated ice cores from Eclipse Icefield, Yukon, Canada. Forest fire signals were identified as NH 4 plus residuals above a robust spline and corroborated by an empirical orthhogonal function (EOF) analysis that identified a chemical association in the NH 4 plus , C 2 0 4 2 macr and K plus records similar to that observed in forest fire plumes. These statistical techniques yielded similar records of forest fire activity, although the EOF analysis provides more conservative identification of forest fire signals. Comparison of forest fire signals in the Eclipse ice cores with the record of annual area burned in Alaska and the Yukon demonstrates that 80% of high fire years in Alaska and 79% of high fire years in the Yukon are identifiable as NH 4 plus concentration residuals in at least one core from Eclipse Icefield, although any individual core records 36-67% of these events. The Eclipse ice cores record high fire activity in the AD 1760s, 1780s, 1840s, 1860s, 1880s, 1890s, 1920s-1940s and 1980s. Peak fire activity occurred in the 1890s, possibly reflecting anthropogenic ignition sources associated with the large influx of people to the Yukon during the Klondike Gold Rush. Periods of low fire activity are evident during the 1770s, 181Os-1830s, 1850s, 1950s and 1960s. Extending our proxy of fire activity to AD 1000 using annual NH 4 plus concentrations from our one core that extends back this far provides evidence of high fire activity from 1240 to 1410 during the waning stages of the ‘Mediaeval Warm Period’.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".