A Potential Drug–Herbal Interaction between <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> and Efavirenz
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV) is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4. Drugs that significantly inhibit or induce these enzymes would then be expected to increase or lower the levels of EFV potentially resulting in toxicity or therapeutic failure, respectively. The constituents of Ginkgo biloba extract have been demonstrated to induce gene expression of the CYP450 enzymes. We report a case in which a potential drug-herb interaction may have led to virological breakthrough in a patient that was maintained on the same regimen for 10 years. Therefore, a drug-herbal interaction may be expected when these agents are taken concurrently, and we advise clinicians to avoid this combination when possible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".