Aluminum Toxicity Following IV Use of Oral Methadone Solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Aluminum toxicity has been reported in renal failure patients exposed to aluminum-contaminated dialysate and oral phosphate binders. We report a case of significant aluminum toxicity in a non-hemodialysis patient. CASE REPORT: A 43-year-old male IV drug user presented to the hospital with a seizure disorder of recent onset, progressive cognitive decline, ataxia, and dysarthria. The serum aluminum concentration was 180 micrograms/L (6.65 micromol/L). For 3 to 4 years prior, the patient had injected 'cooked' oral methadone. The methadone solution was heated in an aluminum pot to reduce the volume and then injected intravenously (IV). He was treated with IV deferoxamine over 9 months until he failed to return. Serum aluminum level after 9 months of treatment was 64.5 microgram/L (2.39 micromol/L). Neurological symptoms were partially improved. CONCLUSION: Chronic IV injection of oral methadone solution heated in an aluminum-based cooking utensil may result in significant aluminum toxicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".