Nitrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation during dissimilatory nitrate reduction by denitrifying bacteria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the first measurements of coupled nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotope fractionation of nitrate by laboratory cultures of denitrifying bacteria. Two seawater strains ( Pseudomonas stutzeri , Ochrobactrum sp.) and three freshwater strains ( Paracoccus denitrificans , Pseudomonas chlororaphis , Rhodobacter sphaeroides ) were examined. Among four strains of facultative anaerobic denitrifiers, N and O isotope effects were variable, ranging from 5‰ to 25‰, with evidence for a drop in the isotope effects as nitrate concentrations approached the halfsaturation constant for nitrate transport. O isotope effects were similar to their corresponding N isotope effect, such that the progressive increase in nitrate δ 18 O, when plotted against that in δ 15 N (where δ 18 O sample = [(δ 18 O: δ 16 O sample /(δ 18 O:δ 16 O) reference ‐ 1] × 1000, and δ 15 N sample × [(15N:14N) sample /(δ 15 N:δ 14 N) reference ‐ 1] × 1000), yielded slopes of 0.86 to 1.02, with a mean value of 0.96. R. sphaeroides , a photo‐heterotroph that possesses only a periplasmic (nonrespiring) dissimilatory nitrate reductase, showed less variability in nitrate N isotope effects, between 13‰ and 20‰, with a modal value of ~15‰. In contrast to the respiratory denitrifiers, R. sphaeroides consistently showed a distinct ratio of δ 18 O to δ 15 N change of ~0.62. We hypothesize that heavy N and O isotope discrimination during respiratory denitrification occurs during the intracellular reduction of nitrate by the respiratory nitrate reductase, and the observed magnitude of fractionation is likely regulated by the ratio of cellular nitrate efflux relative to uptake. The data for R. sphaeroides are consistent with isotope discrimination directly reflecting the N and O isotope effects of the periplasmic nitrate reductase NAP, without modification by nitrate uptake and efflux.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".