Can Song Discriminate between MacGillivray's and Mourning Warblers in a Narrow Hybrid Zone?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. Areas where divergent taxa come into secondary contact are important in identifying the reproductive barriers that may have evolved between them. Here we investigate whether song variation plays a role in maintaining a recently described hybrid zone between MacGillivray's (Oporornis tolmiei) and Mourning Warblers (O. Philadelphia) in northeastern British Columbia, Canada. We analyzed song recordings and genetic data from across the ranges of both species as well as where they occur in sympatry. We predicted that if song differences are an important pre-mating reproductive barrier between these taxa, song and genotype in the hybrid zone should covary. Using a discriminant function analysis, we show that the two species' songs are differentiated in allopatry but that songs converge in sympatry, with a weak and nonsignificant association between songs and diagnostic mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers in the hybrid zone. These results suggest that song divergence is unlikely to be an important reproductive barrier between these taxa and that learning of the other species' song may be promoting continued hybridization. This result contrasts with studies of other species pairs that maintain song differences in sympatry and come into contact in this same geographic region.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".