Pressure Gradient Turbulent Flow Two-dimensional Ribs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports an experimental study of turbulent flows in variable adverse and favorable pressure gradients over transverse ribs. The pressure gradients were produced in asymmetric converging and diverging channels. The channels are 2500 mm long and 194 mm wide. The first and last 750 mm of the test channel has straight parallel bottom and top walls. The middle section of 1000 mm length has straight bottom wall and top wall that varied non-linearly from 60 mm to 90 mm for the diverging channel, and from 90 mm to 60 mm the converging channel. Transverse square ribs with pitch-to-height-ratio of 4 were glued onto 4.5 mm acrylic sheet which was then screwed onto the bottom wall of channel. A particle image velocimetry was used to conduct detailed measurements at several streamwise-transverse planes located upstream of, within and downstream of the variable sections. From these measurements, the mean velocities, turbulent intensities, and the mean and turbulent momentum fluxes at the top plane of the ribs were obtain to study the interaction between the cavities and overlying boundary layer. The profiles of mean velocity, turbulent intensities, Reynolds shear stress, and turbulence production terms were obtained across the channel to document the salient features of adverse and favorable pressure turbulent flows over transverse ribs in asymmetric channels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".