A one-way wave equation for modelling seismic waveform variations due to elastic heterogeneity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The application of a new one-way narrow-angle elastic wave equation to isotropic heterogeneous media is described. This narrow-angle finite-difference propagator should provide an efficient and accurate method of simulating primary body wave(s) passing through smoothly varying heterogeneous media. Although computationally slower than ray theory, the narrow-angle propagator can model frequency-dependent forward diffraction and scattering as well as the averaging effects due to smooth variations in medium parameters that vary on the sub-Fresnel zone level. Example waveforms are presented for the propagation of body waves in deterministic as well as stochastic heterogeneous 3-D Earth models. Extrapolation within deterministic media will highlight various familiar wave-diffraction and pulse-distortion effects associated with large-scale inhomogeneities, such as geometrical spreading, wavefront folding and creeping-wave diffraction by a compact object. Simulation within stochastic media will examine the effects of varying the correlation lengths of random heterogeneities on wave propagation. In particular, wave phenomena such as frequency-dependent forward scattering, the appearance of random caustics and the generation of seismic coda will be shown.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".