A 16-Year Multi-Institutional Study of the Role of Age and EBV Status on PTLD Incidence Among Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective was to determine the incidence and hazard for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in a study of 3170 pediatric primary heart transplants between 1993 and 2009 at 35 institutions in the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study. 147 of 151 reported malignancy events were classified as PTLD. Overall freedom from PTLD was 98.5% at 1 year, 94% at 5 years and 90% at 10 years. Freedom from PTLD was lowest in children (ages 1 to < 10 years) versus infants (<1 year) and adolescents (10 to < 18 years) with children at highest risk for PTLD with a relative risk of 2.4 compared to infants and 1.7 compared to adolescents. Positive donor EBV status was a strong risk factor for PTLD in the seronegative recipient, but risk magnitude was dependent on recipient age at the time of transplantation. Nearly 25% of EBV seronegative recipients of EBV+ donors at ages 4–7 at transplantation developed some form of PTLD. The overall risk for PTLD declined in the most recent transplant era (2001–2009, p = 0.003). These findings indicate that EBV status and the age of the recipient at the time of transplantation are important variables in the development of PTLD in the pediatric heart transplant recipient. The objective was to determine the incidence and hazard for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in a study of 3170 pediatric primary heart transplants between 1993 and 2009 at 35 institutions in the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study. 147 of 151 reported malignancy events were classified as PTLD. Overall freedom from PTLD was 98.5% at 1 year, 94% at 5 years and 90% at 10 years. Freedom from PTLD was lowest in children (ages 1 to < 10 years) versus infants (<1 year) and adolescents (10 to < 18 years) with children at highest risk for PTLD with a relative risk of 2.4 compared to infants and 1.7 compared to adolescents. Positive donor EBV status was a strong risk factor for PTLD in the seronegative recipient, but risk magnitude was dependent on recipient age at the time of transplantation. Nearly 25% of EBV seronegative recipients of EBV+ donors at ages 4–7 at transplantation developed some form of PTLD. The overall risk for PTLD declined in the most recent transplant era (2001–2009, p = 0.003). These findings indicate that EBV status and the age of the recipient at the time of transplantation are important variables in the development of PTLD in the pediatric heart transplant recipient.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".