Vitamin D as a Predictor of Functional Deficits in Multiple Sclerosis (P4.014)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationship between 25(OH)D early in disease course and MS progression over 5 years using the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC). BACKGROUND:Higher levels of vitamin D are associated with lower MS clinical and MRI activity, but their relation to clinical outcomes has been less consistent. DESIGN/METHODS:The BENEFIT study evaluated the impact of early versus delayed interferon beta-1b (IFNB-1b) treatment in patients with a first event suggestive of MS (CIS). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months. 465/468 patients had at least one 25(OH)D measurement. We calculated a season-adjusted 25(OH)D and characterized the 25(OH)D status using a time-dependent cumulative average. MSFC was measured at baseline, months 2, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter. We assessed the relation between 25(OH)D and the MSFC Z-score or its components. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, treatment, baseline T2 lesions, and CIS onset type (multifocal vs. monofocal). RESULTS:Average 25(OH)D levels were associated with higher MSFC Z-scores. 50 nmol/L increments were associated with a mean 0.29 higher MSFC Z-score (95[percnt] CI: 0.16-0.41, P<0.0001). Similar results were observed using quintiles, where the mean MSFC Z-score was 0.21 (0.10-0.33, P=0.002) higher among individuals in the highest quintile [median 25(OH)D level of 73.2 nmol/L] than those in the lowest [median 25(OH)D level of 28.9nmol/L]. Similarly, for each of the component MSFC tests, the highest quintile of 25(OH)D had better scores than those in the lowest quintile (for PASAT-3: Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1: 1.18 95[percnt] CI: 0.23-2.12; P=0.03; for 9-hole peg test: Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1: -1.04 95[percnt] CI: -1.50 - -0.51; P<0.001; timed 25-foot walk: Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1: -0.32 95[percnt] CI: -0.66-0.03, P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS:These results support the prognostic importance of vitamin D in patients with relapsing remitting MS treated with IFNB-1b. Study Supported by:Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".