Chaotic dynamics in terahertz-driven semiconductors with negative effective mass
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on a detailed theoretical study of current self-oscillations and chaotic dynamics in negative effective mass (NEM) ${p}^{+}{\mathrm{pp}}^{+}$ diodes driven by dc and ac electric fields with a terahertz (THz) frequency. An ``$N$-shaped'' velocity-field relation is yielded by using the nonparabolic balance-equation theory with a realistic treatment of carrier scatterings by impurity, acoustic phonon, and optic phonon. The dependence of the self-oscillating mode and its frequency on the dc bias, doping concentration, and lattice temperature is examined in detail. The THz-driven ${p}^{+}{\mathrm{pp}}^{+}$ NEM diodes can produce a cooperative nonlinear oscillatory mode which leads to very complicated chaotic dynamics with the dc bias, ac amplitude, and ac frequency as the controlling parameters. The transitions between the periodic and chaotic states are carefully studied by different chaos-detecting methods, such as phase portrait, Poincar\'e bifurcation diagram, power spectrum, and first return map. The resulting power spectrum bifurcation diagram displays a very complicated mosaic structure with a self-similar emergence of high-order mixing frequencies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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