Precise Measurement of the Neutrino Mixing Parameter<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>θ</mml:mi><mml:mn>23</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>from Muon Neutrino Disappearance in an Off-Axis Beam
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
New data from the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment produce the most precise measurement of the neutrino mixing parameter ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{23}$. Using an off-axis neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV and a data set corresponding to $6.57\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{20}$ protons on target, T2K has fit the energy-dependent ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ oscillation probability to determine oscillation parameters. The 68% confidence limit on ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}({\ensuremath{\theta}}_{23})$ is $0.51{4}_{\ensuremath{-}0.056}^{+0.055}$ ($0.511\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.055$), assuming normal (inverted) mass hierarchy. The best-fit mass-squared splitting for normal hierarchy is $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{m}_{32}^{2}=(2.51\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{eV}}^{2}/{c}^{4}$ (inverted hierarchy: $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{m}_{13}^{2}=(2.48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{eV}}^{2}/{c}^{4}$). Adding a model of multinucleon interactions that affect neutrino energy reconstruction is found to produce only small biases in neutrino oscillation parameter extraction at current levels of statistical uncertainty.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it