Casein Kinase 2 Associates with the Yeast Chromatin Reassembly Factor Spt2/Sin1 To Regulate Its Function in the Repression of Spurious Transcription
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spt2/Sin1 is a DNA binding protein with HMG-like domains. It plays a role in chromatin modulations associated with transcription elongation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Spt2 maintains the nucleosome level in coding regions and is important for the inhibition of spurious transcription in yeast. In this work, we undertook a biochemical approach to identify Spt2-interacting partners. Interestingly, casein kinase 2 (CK2) interacts with Spt2 and phosphorylates it in vitro as well as in vivo on two small regions, region I (RI) (amino acids 226 to 230) and RII (amino acids 277 to 281), located in its essential C-terminal domain. Mutation of the phosphorylation sites in RI and RII to acidic residues, thereby mimicking CK2 phosphorylation, leads to the inhibition of Spt2 function in the repression of spurious transcription and to a loss of its recruitment to coding regions. Inversely, depleting cells of CK2 activity leads to an increased Spt2 association with genes. We further show that Spt2 physically interacts with the essential histone chaperone Spt6 and that this association is inhibited in vitro and in vivo by CK2-dependent phosphorylation. Taken together, our data suggest that CK2 regulates the function of Spt2 by modulating its interaction with chromatin and the histone chaperone Spt6.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".